Wednesday 29 August 2012

Nissan GT-R


The Nissan GT-R is a sports car produced by Nissan released in Japan on December 6, 2007, Canada and the United States on July 7, 2008, and the rest of the world in March 2009. This is the true-blue Japanese way of building a super car. And it holds its own against the mighty Ferrari Italias and Californias,  Chevy Corvettes and Lambo Gallardos.


History

Between 1969 and 1974, and again between 1989 and 2002, Nissan produced a high performance version of its Skyline range called the Nissan Skyline GT-R. This car proved to be iconic for Nissan and achieved much fame and success on road and track. The Nissan GT-R, although no longer carrying the "Skyline" badge, has heritage in the Nissan Skyline GT-R. Like the Skyline GT-Rs R32 through R34, the Nissan GT-R is four-wheel drive with a twin-turbo 6 cylinder engine; however, the evolutionary, incremental changes between Skyline models R32 through R34 have been done away with. The four-wheel-steering HICAS system has been removed, and the former straight-6 RB26DETT engine has been replaced with a new V6 VR38DETT. Because of the GT-R's heritage, the chassis code for the all-new version has been called CBA-R35, or 'R35' for short (where CBA is the prefix for emission standard), carrying on the naming trend from previous Skyline GT-R generations. The GT-R has also retained its Skyline predecessor's nickname Godzilla, given to it by the Australian motoring publication Wheels in its July 1989 edition.

Concepts


GT-R Prototype at the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show
Two concept vehicles were displayed at motor shows prior to the unveiling of the production model. The first concept was shown at the Tokyo Motor Show in 2001 to preview what a 21st century GT-R would look like. At the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show, Nissan unveiled a redesigned concept, the GT-R Proto, stating that the production GT-R would be 80-90% based on this concept.

Production

Production model

The production version of the GT-R debuted at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show, launching in the Japanese market on December 6, 2007. The U.S. official launch was 7 months later on July 7, 2008. Universal Nissan in Los Angeles provided a customer with the delivery of a new GT-R, fresh from the production line at 12:01 a.m., on July 7, 2008. The Canadian launch was also in July 2008. Europe became the third consumer market, where it launched in March 2009. The large disparity in initial marketing between these regional releases is due to Nissan having to build GT-R performance centers where the car is serviced. Also the engine and rear-mounted dual-clutch gearbox are built by hand, thus limiting production to around 1000 cars a month.



Facelift


2011 MODEL(EGOIST)
The revised GT-R (2011 model year, 2012 model year for the US) features an engine with revised mapping, changes to valve timing, larger inlets and a revised exhaust system which boosts rated power to 530 bhp and 612Nm of torque from 3200 to 6000rpm. Changes also include a new more rigid front strut bar made from carbon composite, larger front brake rotors, new lighter and stiffer wheels, and revised Dunlop tires. Cosmetic changes include a new front bumper with integrated LEDs. The front bumper improves cooling to the radiator and front brakes while reducing drag. A new rear diffuser improves downforce and also includes additional rear cooling ducts. The interior has been revised to improve the quality. The revised GT-R went on sale in Japan from mid November 2010 and February 2011 in Europe, North America and other regions.

Specifications

2007-2010

The VR38DETT engine
The Nissan GT-R is powered by the VR38DETT engine, a 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in) DOHC V6 with plasma transferred wire arc sprayed bores. Two parallel Ishikawajima-Nek-Harima Heavy Industries (IHI) turbochargers provide forced induction. Production vehicles produce a manufacturer-claimed engine output of 485 PS (357 kW; 478 hp) at 6400 rpm and 434 lb·ft (588 N·m) at 3200-5200 rpm. The engine also meets California Air Resources Board Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) standards. A curb weight of 1,730 kg (3,800 lb) or 1,736 kg (3,830 lb) with side curtain airbags is achieved using a jig welded steel chassis with aluminum used for the hood, trunk, and doors. A rear mounted six-speed BorgWarner designed dual clutch semi-automatic transmission built by Aichi Machine Industry is used in conjunction with the ATTESA E-TS system to provide power to all four wheels and along with Nissan's Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC-R) to aid in stability. Three shift modes  can also be selected for various conditions.
  • Displacement: V6 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in)
  • Horsepower: 485 PS (357 kW; 478 hp) at 6400 rpm
  • Torque: 434 lb·ft (588 N·m)
  • Redline: 7000 rpm
  • Drivetrain: Premium Midship AWD
  • Curb weight: estimated 3,820 lb (1,730 kg)*
  • Top Speed: 190 mph (310 km/h)*
  • Drag coefficient: 0.27*
  • MSRP: US$80,790 to $84,060**
* manufacturer claimed
** 2011 model year for North America
2010-2011 (2011 model year, 2012 model year for North America)
  • Horsepower: 390 kW (530 PS; 520 hp) at 6400 rpm
  • Torque: 612 N·m (451 lbf·ft) at 3200-6000 rpm, (692 N·m (510 lbf·ft) with high-gear 'boost' on SpecV only)
  • Drag coefficient: 0.26* (~10% improvement in downforce)*
  • Top speed: 310 km/h (190 mph)
  • MSRP: US$89,000 (Premium) or $95,000 (Black Edition)***
* manufacturer claimed
*** 2012 model year for North America


2012-present (2012 model year, 2013 model year for North America)

2013 Nissan GT-R (US)
On November 7, 2011, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. announced the launch of the 2012 model year Nissan GT-R, with major improvements including:
  • Engine Type: Twin-turbocharged, DOHC 3.8-liter V6
  • Horsepower : 404 kW (550 PS) at 6400 rpm
  • Torque: 628 N·m (463 lbf·ft) at 3200-5800 rpm
  • Drive Type: Front engine, four-wheel-drive
  • Transmission Type: Six-speed dual-clutch automated manual
  • Displacement (cc/cu-in): 3,839/234
  • Redline (rpm): 7,000
  • Brake Type (front): Two-piece, ventilated cross-drilled rotors, six-piston fixed calipers
  • Brake Type (rear): Two-piece, ventilated cross-drilled rotors, four-piston fixed calipers
  • Steering System: Speed-proportional, power rack-and-pinion power steering
  • Suspension Type (front): Independent double wishbones, coil springs, driver-adjustable three-mode variable dampers, stabilizer bar
  • Suspension Type (rear): Independent multilink, coil springs, driver-adjustable three-mode variable dampers, stabilizer bar
  • Tire Size (front): P255/40ZRF20 97Y
  • Tire Size (rear): P285/35ZRF20 100Y
  • Tire Brand: Dunlop
  • Tire Model: SP Sport Maxx GT 600
  • Tire Type: Summer, asymmetrical
  • Wheel size: 20-by-9.5 inches front, 20-by-10.5 inches rear
  • Wheel material (front/rear): Forged aluminum alloy
  • As tested Curb Weight (lb): 3,892 (55.0% front/45.0% rear)
  • MSRP: $96,820 (Premium) - $106,320 (Black Edition)
  • MSRP (Australia): AUD$170,800
  • Advanced Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) with three driver-selectable modes:
Normal – For daily driving. Controls brakes and engine output.
R-Mode – For ultimate performance. Adjusts front and rear wheel power distribution to enhance handling.
Off – Disengages the VDC system.

Performance

2012 model year, 2013 model year for North America
  • Top speed: 321 km/h (200 mph) est.
  • 0-60 mph time: 2.7 seconds
  • 1/4 mile time: 10.87 seconds @ 201 km/h (125 mph)
  • 30-0 mph: 26 ft.
  • 60-0 mph: 106 ft.

Cutaway model showing rear mounted transmission
Nissan claims the GT-R can reach a top speed of 193 mph (311 km/h), Motor Trend recorded a top speed of 195.0 mph (313.8 km/h). It has been tested to achieve 0-60 mph (97 km/h) times as low as 3.2 seconds with "launch control" and 3.8 seconds without which was improved to 3.5 seconds in March 2009 models. The 2012 GT-R achieves 0-60 mph at 2.8 seconds. Nissan's chief vehicle engineer Malcolm Noronha has indicated that he has never used the term "launch control", which refers to the act of turning off vehicle dynamic control (VDC) and launching the car at around 4500 rpm. However, Nissan's director of product planning John Wiener clearly stated in an interview with Jay Leno that "we (Nissan) actually offer a 'launch mode'". The GT-R user's manual states that turning off the VDC is only meant for escaping low-traction situations such as mud or snow. Nissan has re-programmed the 2010 model year GT-R to reduce the engine speed at launch to around 3,000 to 3,500 rpm with VDC enabled, which is meant to improve acceleration times. The new programming was also installed on old 2009 vehicles still in Nissan's inventory, and is available for existing 2009 vehicles. The new updated GT-R however now has a launch mode, which Nissan calls "R-Mode Start", and is activated by setting the Transmission and VDC to "R" mode (the Suspension settings can be left in normal mode), holding the brakes, then the throttle, and finally releasing the brakes. The engine speed is now held at 4,000 rpm in this mode, and it no longer voids the warranty. However, the system allows a maximum of 4 consecutive hard launches before locking itself out, after which it can be unlocked by driving normally for 1.5 miles. Tests by Edmund's Inside Line have shown the 2012 GT-R to achieve 0-60 mph in 2.9 seconds with R-Mode Start activated and did the 1/4 mile in 11.2 seconds going 122.7 MPH.
Motor Trend achieved a standing quarter-mile time of 11.6 s at 120.0 mph (193.1 km/h). Autocar achieved a 0-100 mph (160 km/h) time of 8.5 seconds.
With a manufacturer claimed lap time of 7:26.7 on the base model's Dunlop tires and previously 7:29 min on standard Japanese market tires, the GT-R is currently one of the fastest production cars to lap the Nürburgring circuit, although Porsche accused Nissan of falsifying those claims in September 2008. Porsche claims to have conducted their own test of the GT-R using no modifications and stock tires and achieved a best time of 7:54. Nissan officially disputed Porsche's claim in October 2008.
The German magazine sport auto achieved a time of 7:50 on the Nürburgring with a car supplied to them by Nissan during an initial short test in 2007, while testing by Drivers Republic of a GT-R and GT2 in stock form resulted in times of 7:55 for the GT-R and 7:49 for the GT2 respectively. Both tests were conducted in partially damp conditions and by automotive journalists rather than professional track drivers. In 2009, in a full "super test" sport auto achieved a time of 7:38 minutes on the Nürburgring with a standard GT-R driven by Horst von Saurma, identical to a later "super test" Corvette ZR1 time. In a first test with the facelifted GTR model, 'sport auto' recorded a lap time of 7:34 on the Nürburgring with a standard GT-R driven by Horst von Saurma.



Autocar released a video comparison of the GT-R with the Porsche 911 GT3 and BMW M3. Driven by test driver Chris Harris the GT-R was the fastest of the three. Autocar released another comparison test at the Isle of Man on a 4.5 km closed public road with the Audi R8, Lotus Elise, and Lamborghini Gallardo LP560-4. The GT-R's time of 1:56:69 was behind the Gallardo's 1:55:99 time, however because the GT-R was Japanese-spec its top speed was limited to 112 mph, the reviewer noted the GT-R was stuck on the limiter for ~10–11 seconds and without the limiter would have "blitzed the Lamborghini". In CAR Magazine's test with the 911 Turbo, BMW M3, and Audi R8 at Rockingham the GT-R was the fastest. Evo tested the GT-R alongside the 911 GT3 at the Bedford Autodrome circuit, the GT-R ran a 1:21.7 lap time compared to GT3's 1:22.6 time. In a Fifth Gear test with the 911 Turbo, Bruno Senna was able to achieve faster lap times in the GT-R. Car and Driver compared the GT-R on Reno-Fernley Raceway with the 911 Turbo and BMW M3, the GT-R's lap time of 1:26.7 made it the fastest on the track. Road & Track was able to achieve quick lap times with the car on Buttonwillow Raceway, clocking in at 1:56.9 which was over 5 seconds faster than the Chevrolet Corvette C6 Z06 and 911 Turbo. In an Edmunds.com 6-way test on the Streets of Willow and an improvised mountain road, the GT-R posted faster times than the Audi R8 and Porsche 911 Carrera. Auto Bild compared the GT-R with the 911 Turbo and V10 Audi R8 at Contidrome, the GT-R's time of 1:30.95 placed it ahead of both the Porsche 911 (1:31.75) and the Audi R8 (1:32.11).

A GT-R pictured in London
In another Autocar comparison with the PDK 911 Turbo (997.2) and V10 Audi R8 on the Castle Combe Circuit the GT-R's laptime of 1:14.6, was faster than the 911's time of 1:14.9 and the R8's 1:15.5 lap time. In December, Auto, Motor und Sport published a comparison between the GT-R, PDK 911 Turbo (997.2) and the Audi R8 V10. Around the 'small' Hockenheimring circuit, the GT-R achieved a time of 1:12.0 against the 911's 1:11.5 and the Audi's 1:12.3. The sport auto magazine had tested the GT-R on the 'small' Hockenheimring circuit and had recorded a lap time of 1:10.7 during the full "supertest". In July 2009, CAR Magazine published a comparison of the revised 911 GT3 (997.2) and the GT-R at the Nurburgring. A time of 7:49 was achieved for the GT3 and 7:51 for the GT-R. It should be noted that these times are not directly comparable to previous Nurburgring tests, as they included a section of track near the pits normally excluded from timing. At Spring Mountain Motorsports Ranch Road and Track managed a 1:20.9 lap time compared to the ZR1's time of 1:20.1 and the 911 Turbo's (997.2) time of 1:21.3. In another Motor Trend comparison at the Streets of Willow, driveRandy Pobst's laptime of 1:20.25 in the facelifted GT-R was slightly faster than the competing Corvette Z06 equipped with optional carbon ceramic brake rotors.
On Willow Springs International Motorsports Park, Edmunds.com was able to achieve lap times of 1:25.09 with the 2009 GT-R compared to the Corvette ZR1's time of 1:23.87. On the Las Vegas Motor Speedway infield road course, Motor Trend was able to achieve lap times with the GT-R that were almost as fast as the Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano and 911 GT2 and 1.2 seconds slower than a Corvette ZR1. The pre-2011 GT-R currently holds a lap time of 1:19.7 around the Top Gear Test Track, with the Facelifted GT-R holding a time of 1:17.8, equalling the Pagani Zonda F, beating the Chevrolet Corvette ZR1 by 2.6 seconds(Damp Lap For ZR1), and being the fastest Japanese car to lap the track. On Top Gear Australia's test track the GT-R posted a lap time of 1:07.06, putting it in second place 0.14 seconds behind the 997 GT2. Top Gear laps are conducted from a standing start and under varying conditions.



On March 24, 2011 Dragtimes took a Deep Blue Pearl 2012 Nissan GT-R, and put it on the dyno and the dragstrip to test its real world performance. The numbers are every bit as Nissan claimed. 0-60 in 2.8 seconds as verified with the VBOX. Best of three runs was an 11.0@124 mph. On the dyno the DBA put 474 horsepower to the wheels on a Mustang dyno, most CBA's put 430 horsepower to the wheels on the same dyno. The new power, along with the revised LC4 launch control 4,000 rpm launches add up to a nearly 0.7 second improvement in quarter mile times.
The 2013 Nissan GT-R already made headlines days after its debut in November 2011 when Godzilla tore through the 0-60 mph sprint in just 2.72 seconds, slaughtering the previous year’s 3.5 seconds time. DragTimes has launched their GT-R onto the Palm Beach International Raceway to do the dirty on the quarter mile. The team ran the car until they achieved the best time of the day: 10.87 @ 125.26 MPH. This was followed by a 0-60 MPH sprint of just 2.7 seconds and a 60-130 MPH time of 8.89 seconds (VBOX). Peak G forces on the launch were 1.3 G’s.
As a reminder, the 2013 Nissan GT-R is powered by the same twin-turbocharged 3.8-liter V6 engine found on the previous model, but with the output increased to 542 HP at 6,400 rpm - an increase of 12 HP over the current model - and 466 lbs-ft of torque delivered from 3,200 rpm all the way up to 5,800 rpm. Despite the extra 12 HP, Nissan is promising that the 2013 GT-R will be more fuel efficient.

Design


The customizable multifunction display integrated into the dash of the GT-R
Nissan chief creative officer, Shirō Nakamura, has likened the new GT-R to the eponymous giant robots of the Gundam series. Nakamura stated: "The GT-R is unique because it is not simply a copy of a European-designed supercar; it had to really reflect Japanese culture."
Nakamura noted that the GT-R's square lines and vents were influenced by Gundam robots. Nissan's American designers sculpted the rear three quarters of the vehicle, while their European designers sculpted the roofline.
Polyphony Digital, creators of the Gran Turismo series of racing video games, were themselves involved in the development of the GT-R, having been contracted to design the GT-R's multifunction display. The GT-R is the star car of the current game Gran Turismo 5, whose title video features the production of the VR38DETT engine.
The 2013 Nissan GT-R's Body Construction has a Premium Midship (PM) platform with hybrid unibody assembled using high-precision, ultra-low-tolerance jigs similar to racecar construction Aluminum hood, trunk lid and outer door skins, die-cast aluminum front shock towers and inner door structures. All outer body panels stamped using multiple-strike coining process for exceptional rigidity and precision. The GT-R also have a Carbon-composite front crossmember/radiator support. It's paint is an advanced 6-stage paint process with double clear coat and chip-resistant paint in critical areas, some have Super Silver special metallic paint, with 8-stage process, including three clearcoats and hand-polishing to achieve a lustrous, liquid effect. The Premium Nissan GT-R have a body-color rear spoiler and the Black Edition have a dry carbon-fiber rear spoiler. Both Premium and black edition GT-R is mounted with High Intensity Discharge (HID) headlights, Automatic on/off headlights, LED Daytime Running Lights, LED taillights and brake lights, Dual heated body-color power outside mirrors, Power folding outside mirrors, Flush-mounted aluminum door, handles, Four 5" exhaust outlets with polished tips and UV-reducing solar glass.

SpecV


GT-R Spec V

Nissan GT-R Spec V
Nissan introduced the GT-R SpecV on January 7, 2009 at the 2009 Tokyo Auto Salon. Exterior changes from the base GT-R consist of a carbon fiber rear spoiler, grille, and brake ducts, along with an exclusive Ultimate Black Opal paint job. Interior changes include a set of carbon fiber Recaro front seats with the rear seats being completely removed. Carbon fiber covers the center storage box, instrument panel, and replaces the majority of the interior trim.
The GT-R SpecV is powered by the standard twin-turbo 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in) V6 with no increase in horsepower. A new high gear boost controller that allows a temporary increase in boost pressure to the IHI twin turbochargers, now larger than those on the standard GT-R, should deliver more torque in mid to high-range revs. Other mechanical changes include a titanium exhaust, reworked suspension, carbon ceramic brakes, and 20-inch (510 mm) Nismo wheels. Overall weight is decreased by 132 lb (60 kg) over the standard GT-R.
Japan sales began on February 2, 2009 at seven preselected dealers who are staffed by mechanics with special GT-R SpecV training and are knowledgeable of racing circuit driving. Pricing is set at ¥15,750,000 (over US$160,000). Nissan has yet to announce any plans to sell the Spec V in the USA.
In Auto Express testing the SpecV posted a 0-60 mph time of 2.43 seconds, pulled 1.12 g on the skidpad and 74.7 mph in the slalom. An earlier tested Corvette ZR1 (2011) resulted in an identical slalom speed but a lower 1.06 g on the skidpad.

Motorsport

R35 GT-R Nismo GT3

The 2012 Nissan GT-R Nismo GT3 is powered by a Twin-turbocharged V6 engine that displaces 3,799 cc. The 2012 Nissan GT-R Nismo GT3 measures 74.90 inches in width, 183.10 inches in length, and has a wheelbase of 109.40 inches.
  • Displacement: DOHC twin-turbo V6 front mid-engine 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in)
  • Horsepower: 530 PS (390 kW; 520 hp) at 6400 rpm
  • Valves Per Cylinder: 4
  • Torque: 451 lb·ft (611 N·m) at 5200 rpm
  • Drivetrain: Premium Midship RWD
  • Curb weight: 1,300 kg (2,900 lb)
  • Drag coefficient: 0.26
  • Transmission: Six-speed sequential racing transmission in transaxle configuration with multi-disc limited-slip differential and traction control
  • Suspension: Adjustable suspension with double wishbones front and muti-link rear
  • Extras: Semi-automatic paddle-shift
  • Tyres: Front: 31/71x18, Rear: 31/71x18
  • MSRP: JPY For Japan, Asia, North/South America 32,000,000 Japanese Yen (without tax).

Super GT


Nismo GT-R for 2008 season of Super GT
Nismo, the motorsport arm of Nissan, entered the Nissan GT-R in the Super GT race series in the GT500 class for the 2008 season, replacing the Nissan 350Z.
The GT500 version of the car has a completely different drivetrain compared to the production car. The race car is upgraded to a VK45DE 4.5-litre naturally aspirated V8 instead of the twinturbo V6 VR38DETT. It uses a 6 speed sequential manual  gearbox and a RWD layout from its predecessor, the 350Z race car.
A prototype was spotted testing around the Suzuka Circuit as well as Fuji Speedway in Japan. The car went on to win the opening race of the 2008 Super GT season at Suzuka scoring a one-two finish for Nissan. The dominant performances in the opening race has led to all GT-Rs being applied a 50 kg weight penalty in addition to the race weight penalty under the Special Adjustment of Performance under the Super GT regulations. In race two, the GT-R repeated their 1-2 result in Suzuka despite the race winning car of team Nismo carrying a 100 kg weight penalty making it only the 3rd team in JGTC/Super GT history to do so. The last time this feat was achieved was 10 years ago by Nismo Skyline GT-R racing under the same number 23. Despite the weight handicap, it did in fact become the champion in this 2008 season through the Xanavi Nismo GT-R driven by Satoshi Motoyama and Benoit Treluyer, as well as winning 8 out of 9 races driven by 4 different teams using GT-Rs.
The GT500 version scored 4 victories in the 2009 Japanese SUPER GT Series GT 500 class. In 2010 the VH45DE 4.5 litre engine was replaced by a newly developed 3.4 litre engine (VRH34A).

FIA GT/GT1 World Championship


Swiss Racing Team's Nissan GT-R competing in the FIA GT1 World Championship
On February 27, 2009, Nismo announced a partnership with British racing team Gigawave Motorsports to enter a GT-R in four races in the 2009 FIA GT Championship season. The entry will not be competing for championship points, but will be used by Nismo to refine the performance of the GT-R for future customer teams to use the car in the planned FIA GT1 World Championship in 2010. Nismo driver Michael Krumm and Gigawave driver Darren Turner will co-drive the GT1 GT-R.

The GT-R safety car leading a pack of cars at the Super GT race at Fuji Speedway in May 2008.
The Sumo Power GT-R won the 2010 RAC Tourist Trophy at Silverstone Circuit as part of the FIA GT1 World Championship on May 2, 2010.
The 2011 season saw Swiss Racing Team switch to Lamborghini which left Sumo Power run four GT-R's, two under the Sumo Power GT name and two under JR Motorsports. JR Motorsports won the drivers championship for the 2011 season.

Other categories

A production-based GT-R made its world motorsport debut in Australia's Targa Tasmania tarmac rally in April 2008, however it sustained damage early in the event and did not complete the rally. Later in 2008 a GT-R won the Competition Modern class in the Targa West. before returning to Targa Tasmania in 2009 to take the outright win in the Modern class. In 2009 Nissan's GT-R won the One Lap of America competition. In 2010 the GT-R finished 2nd over all in the One Lap of America competition.
During the 2010 SCCA World Challenge season, a pair of GT class GT-Rs were campaigned by Brass Monkey Racing and driven by Steve Ott and Tony Rivera.
On June 4, 2010, Nismo announced a Club Track Edition. GT-R available via its Nissan supported Omori aftermarket factory. This domestic market trim is a non-street legal, race ready variant equipped with a 6 point roll cage and upgraded with Nismo race package developed through its Tokachi endurance racer program.
On June 25 and 26, 2011, the #71 Schulze Motorsport Nissan GT-R took part in the 24 Hours of Nürburgring 2011 driven by Michael Schulze, Tobias Schulze,Kazunori Yamauchi and Yasuyoshi Yamamoto. The car finished the race in 36th place overall, achieving a victory in the SP 8T class after overcoming several technical problems.
It was the first time a Nissan GT-R took part in the 24 Hours of Nürburgring. In the following year, Nissan participated the SP8T class with 2 Club Track Edition GT-Rs as works team, which driven by Team Nissan and Team GT Academy, both cars completed the race in 99th and 30th in overall respectively - through they are the only entries in SP-8T class that year.
On July 7, 2011, a Nissan GT-R was spotted testing at the Ciudad del Motor de Aragón for a possible FIA GT3 European Championship entry. Not much is known about the car currently: the car appears similar to the GT1 car, but it is likely the internals will be far different due to GT3's much lower power restrictions.

Non-competitive appearances

The GT-R was used as the official safety car for both the 2008 Japanese Super GT, and the 2009 Australian V8 Supercars series before a dispute over alcohol advertising led to the arrangement being discontinued after four rounds.

Aftermarket tuning

Despite early concerns about the difficulty of modifying the Nissan GT-R, many aftermarket tuning parts are now available. The previously reported "untuneable" ECU has since been hacked by several tuning houses.
COBB Tuning was the first company to access the GT-R's encrypted ECU. With their AccessPORT anyone can reprogram both the engine and transmission control units with off the shelf or custom maps. Mine's also has limited control of the ECU, and others (MCR, HKS, and Top Secret) have bypassed the unit. They have been seen testing modified GT-Rs with the former two having conducted tests at the Tsukuba Circuit.
Japan based tuner Mine's has created the VR38DETT super response engine which uses lightened engine internals like titanium rods, lightened pistons and many other components that allows the engine to rev-up fast. The Mine's R35 GT-R has always been one of the most sought after GT-Rs in the world for its highly responsive driving feel with the right amount of power at 800 PS (588 kW; 789 hp).
In a review by Motor Trend editor Scott Kanemura, it was revealed that the GPS system fitted to the GT-R would remove the 180-kilometer per hour (112 mph)speed limiter when the car arrives at a race track, but only on tracks approved by Nissan. Aftermarket ECUs have been developed to bypass the speed limiter, in addition to stand-alone speed-limiter defeaters. The GPS check will not be implemented in American models.
In August 2008, Nissan's official motorsport and tuning arm Nismo announced the "Club Sport" tuning package for the GT-R . The package, which is also fitted to the SpecV, includes Bilstein Damptronic compatible dampers, 20" forged aluminum wheels from Rays Engineering, Bridgestone run-flat tires, Recaro carbon fiber-shelled bucket seats, a titanium exhaust, and a revised rear diffuser with an added cooling duct. The package is supported by a warranty and saves over 20 kg (44 lb).
United States based tuner AMS Performance has set record power levels and performance numbers for the R35 GT-R. Their Alpha OMEGA performance package for the R35 boosts output to 1,884 brake horsepower and 1,562 N·m (1,152 lb·ft) of torque and boasts 60-130 mph times of just 3.1 seconds. After adjusting the boost to 29.5 psi, the AMS Performance GT-R reaches a top speed of 233.1 mph. An AMS tuned R35 GT-R was the first in the world to post an 8 second quarter mile time at 169 mph (272 km/h). Their OMEGA package has of recent gone 8.62 at 173.8 mph (279.7 km/h) on a lower HP test pass. The AMS Performance Alpha OMEGA system is still in R&D stages and represents the top-of-the-line GT-R performance package from AMS Performance, ahead of Alpha 6, Alpha 9, Alpha 10, and Alpha 12 packages; each respectively with approximately 600, 900, 1000, and 1200 wheel horsepower when installed and tuned.

Awards and recognition

YearAward and Recognition
2007Top Gear Awards - Supercar of the Year
2008Autocar - Drivers Car Of The Year.
2008Evo Magazine - Car of the Year 
2008Japan's Most Advanced Technology Award
2008Popular Mechanics - Automotive Excellence Awards 2008 (Design)
2009Automobile Magazine - Automobile of the Year
2009Edmunds.com - Edmunds' Inside Line Editors' Most Wanted Awards: Instant Classic
2009Motor Trend - Motor Trend Car of the Year
2009Popular Science - Auto Tech Grand Award Winner
2009International Car of the Year
2009World Performance Car
2009Targa Tasmania Modern Champion
2009Targa West Challenge Modern Champion
2009Targa West Competition Modern Champion
2010Redline Time Attack Modified AWD Champion
2010Targa West Challenge Modern Champion
2010Targa West Competition Modern Champion
2010Yahoo - Listed as having one of the best resale values of any sports car
2011Targa Tasmania Modern Champion
2011Targa West Competition Modern Champion
2011Motor Magazine Performance Car Cup Winner
2011Guinness world records - Fastest 0-60 mph acceleration by a four seater production car

Tuesday 28 August 2012

Confederate X132 Hellcat



One of the most exclusive and special motorcycle in the world, the Hellcat has been owned by only a select few. It costs an outrageous-for-a-bike price of around $90,000. But its makers like to define it more as a work of art, so that justifies the price. Price aside, this is one of the most stunning motorcycles you can buy today (if you've got 90,000 odd dollars, that is), and ride along it style. It delivers the thrill and rush of bikes such as the Yamaha R1 and Ducati 1199 Panigale, while having the splendor of a Rolls-Royce.





Engine-X132 Copperhead; 132 cubic inches (2,163 cc); 56° Fuel Injected V-Twin; 4.4” Bore x 4.4” Stroke; One-piece Forged Crank; Journal Bearing Design



Power-Torque: > 150 Foot Pounds
Horsepower: > 132 BHP



Engine cover-Machined 6061 Aircraft Aircraft-Grade Billet Aluminum

Transmission-Confederate Patented 5-Speed Close Ratio; Patented Output Shaft Bearing Support System

Chassis-3” 120 Wall Hard Steel Backbone; 3” 120 Wall Hard Steel Down Tube; Hand Tig Welded Fabrication



Suspension-Front: Custom Marzocchi RAC 50mm Fork; Rebound and Compression Adjustable for Low and High Speed Actuation 
Rear: Custom Race Tech Coil-Over-Shock; Rebound and Compression Adjustable for Low and High Speed Actuation


Brakes-Front: Dual Beringer 4 Piston AEROTEC Radial Calipers; Dual Beringer AERONAL Floating Stainless Steel Discs 
Rear: Single 2 Piston Brembo Monobloc Caliper; Cross-drilled Brembo Stainless Steel Disc




Tires-Front: Pirelli Diablo Rosso 120/70 ZR; Rear: Pirelli Diablo Rosso 190/55 ZR

Ergonomics-Controls: Mid-Rear; Clip-On & 2” Rise 1” Back Clip-On; Seating: Solo with Removable Passenger Seat; Seat Height: 30”



Monday 27 August 2012

Triumph Daytona 675



The Triumph Daytona 675 is a 600 cc class sport bike built by Triumph Motorcycles since 2006, to replace the Daytona 650.The 2008 model has a tested dry weight of 363.7 lb (165.0 kg) and wet weight of 407 lb (185 kg). Tested power output is rated at 104.4 hp (77.9 kW) @ 12,100 rpm with torque of 53.3 lbf·ft (72.3 N·m) @ 11,750 rpm.The 2008 model has a tested dry weight of 363.7 lb (165.0 kg) and wet weight of 407 lb (185 kg). Tested power output is rated at 104.4 hp (77.9 kW) @ 12,100 rpm with torque of 53.3 lbf·ft (72.3 N·m) @ 11,750 rpm.Triumph Daytona 675 development started in 2000 following the launch of the TT600. The TT600 represented Triumph's first modern middle weight sports motorcycle. A decision was made to manufacture a machine closer aligned with traditional Triumph values. A notable technical decision was the selection of a three cylinder engine as the power plant, instead of the four cylinder used by the TT600 and the other 600 cc supersport motorcycles. It competes with other 600 cc supersport machines such as the Yamaha R6, Suzuki GSXR 600/750, Kawasaki ZX-6R, the Ducati 848 and the Honda CBR600RRHistory and development Triumph also manufactures the successful Speed Triple, the hooligan-ish Street Triple the legendary Bonneville the the cult Rocket III





In 2001, soon after the completion of the similarly three cylinder powered Triumph Daytona 955i, Triumph began engineering analysis to work out weight, engine performance in horsepower and torque. Pleased with the figures, the project moved to the full concept phase in March 2002.






Triumph Daytona 675 in Tornado Red
Initial chassis development work was done using a chopped Daytona 600 chassis. Triumph moved the wheelbase, adjusted the head angle, and modified the tank. This new configuration exhibited better performance than the original Daytona 600, forming a basis to compare against competitive bikes such as the Kawasaki Ninja ZX-6R, Yamaha R6 and Honda CBR600RR. While engine development had not been completed, computer aided chassis development continued with the data collected from these tests.
Design work for the Daytona 675 proceeded, producing a primarily black design based on the Daytona 600. However, this initial design was discarded as great British designs of the 1960s had "a flowing curved design - no sharp angular aggressive edges". A member of the engineering team produced a concept drawing of the 675 as a naked bike. Styling was based upon this concept drawing and that of the earlier T595 model. Styling development continued in house, staying close to spirit of earlier Triumph design. Market research groups made up of a variety of different classes of sportbike riders chose the latter design of bike which was refined and adopted for production.
The newly developed engine was first tested on a dynamometer in May 2003. Final development combining styling, engine, chassis into a prototype quickly followed. Prototype testing started in late 2004.

Daytona 675 with 2008 decals

Daytona 675 Special Edition
The Daytona 675 was officially launched at the NEC International Motorcycle and Scooter Show in 2005. UK-based Bike was given an exclusive test ride prior to the official launch, impressing the magazine test rider. The magazine declared it "the best British sportsbike ever" and "possibly one of the greatest sportsbikes of all time".
The Daytona 675 won the Supersport category for the Masterbike 2006 (finishing third overall), and won again in 2007.
A 24 hour race track test by Performance Bikes Magazine in the February 2007 edition placed a Daytona 675 against a Suzuki GSX-R750 over a 24 hour period which did not yield a positive result for the Daytona. The Daytona 675 did not complete the race test due to a severe mechanical failure. Later analysis indicated that the engine had suffered a broken valve which is thought to have occurred due to incorrect servicing. Prior to the failure the Daytona had been consistently outpacing the Suzuki on the course, averaging 0.7 seconds a lap faster (despite lower engine capacity and horsepower). The magazine concludes (as suggested by Triumph) that this appeared to be an isolated case attributable most likely to incorrect assembly during pre-race servicing.

Production

Triumph intended to build only 4,000 Daytona 675 models for 2006, with 1,000 marked for the UK, 2,000 for the US, and 1,000 for the rest of the world. Production may have been increased slightly from these numbers due to demand.





Sales

Even before the initial launch, it was not unusual to see waiting lists of three months in the US and UK (many customers in the UK had to wait six months), and even longer in several other parts of the world. Several dealerships in the US started taking orders for the 2007 models (due September 2006) as early as July 2006.





Racing


Triumph Daytona 675 racing
When the Daytona 675 was initially launched there were no factory backed racing teams. This changed in 2008 when MAP Embassy Racing struck a deal with Triumph, and entered the 2008 British Supersport Championship. On 5 May 2008, Glen Richards scored the first win for a Triumph backed team since 2004 and scored three further wins on his way to the championship.
Before 2008 several privateers were racing the Triumph Daytona 675 without any official factory support.
In the British Supersport Championship 2006, Daytonas were raced by Paul Young and Christian Elkin.
During the development phase representations were made to the Isle of Man TT for a 675 triple to race in the 600 class. With a successful outcome, a Daytona was raced by New Zealander Paul Dobbs in the 2006 TT.



On 11 August 2006, The Triumph Daytona 675 was cleared for entry into the AMA Formula Xtreme class for 2007.
The Daytona 675 was used by Team SC in the 2008 Supersport World Championship. The factory supported team was called Triumph-SC and has Garry McCoyand Ilario Dionisi as riders.
There is also a Daytona 675 one make series called Triumph Triple Challenge. This is run in conjunction with Bemsee Race Club and operated under the MRO format. It is a series run over nine rounds and cost £12,000 to enter in 2007. This cost included ownership of a Daytona 675. The series was being run by T3 Racing.
The Triumph Daytona 675 faces a different set of rules and restrictions when it competes in American Motorcycle Racing events. Although Triumph NA has not sponsored any American teams in the last several decades, privateers began racing Triumphs in AMA races as early as 2002 when the Augusta Triumph/Ducati Racing Team fielded a TT 600. It was the first Triumph to make the top 20 when it finished 17th at Road Atlanta. As the TT 600 morphed through the Daytona 600, 650, and finally the 675, it produced more interest and more privateers entered AMA and regional events. In the same year (2007) that the Daytona 675 debuted in AMA events, Augusta Triumph/Ducati Racing Team members won regional titles at both the expert and novice levels in four racing categories. 2009 was a very good year for the Daytona 675. In May the Augusta Triumph/Ducati Racing Team had a podium finish in AMA. In their competition in Moto GT the team of Mark Crozier and Phil Caudill scored with a first place finish at Barber Motorsports Park. Their Daytona 675 was the first time the Triumph Daytona 675 took the pole in an AMA event. It led 19 of 40 laps and is the first time that the Daytona 675 has ever placed first in an AMA event. The Augusta Triumph team went on to win the AMA Pro Moto GT1 season championship with one race remaining on the calendar. The ParkinGO Triumph BE1 Racing World Supersport team also had a good run in 2009, finishing fifth in the manufacturer's standings in the team's first year of competition. Team rider Garry McCoy earned two podium finishes during the season, the first at Donington and the second at Portimao.
In 2010, the Augusta Triumph/Ducati Racing Team fielded their 675 in the WERA Southeast and North Florida regions, winning a total of four championships, WERA SE Heavyweight Twins Superbike Expert and Heavyweight Twins Superstock Expert; WERA North Florida Heavyweight Twins Superbike Expert and Heavyweight Twins Superstock Expert. In October, rider Giovanni Rojas added a fifth title by winning the 2010 Grand National Heavyweight Twins Superstock Expert Championship at Road Atlanta which gave the team a national title.

Revisions

2009

The 2009 model of the Daytona has had over 50 technical improvements according to Triumph. While the only cosmetic changes were to the front fairing and turn signals, the new model is lighter, the ECU has been remapped to increase the rev limit and produce a power increase of 3 hp (2.2 kW), a taller first gear, and handling has improved through high and low speed dampers. In addition, the 2009 model's ECU is compatible with Triumph's OEM plug and play quickshifter.

2010

The 2010 model year is virtually unchanged from the 2009 Daytona 675, apart from a redesigned instrument cluster. The new instruments have a different appearance, but do not offer any new functionality as compared to the older design.
Triumph offered a 2010 Special Edition Daytona 675 with Pearl White paint scheme on the bodywork and a Blue frame and swingarm. Unlike the standard version, the Special Edition did not include the updated 2010 instrument cluster.

2011

The 2011 Daytona 675 Special Edition has the same Pearl White bodywork and Blue frame as the 2010 model, but also included as standard carbon fibre replacements for the cockpit infill panels, exhaust heat shield, exhaust cap, and rear hugger as well as Triumph's aftermarket adjustable levers. Unlike the 2010 SE, the 2011 SE also includes the updated gauge cluster first found in the standard 2010 model, as well as a new racing-inspired decal design.

Daytona 675R

First offered in early 2011, but still part of the 2011 model year, Triumph debuted the Daytona 675R. The 675R did not feature any changes to the engine, instead Triumph's focus was on the standard inclusion of Brembo front brakes, Öhlins suspension, and Triumph's quickshifter. The 675R has carbon fibre front mudguard, rear hugger, exhaust cap, heat shield, and cockpit infill panels.

Specifications

All specifications are manufacturer claimed and estimated unless otherwise noted:
2006200720082009-20112011 675R
Engine
TypeLiquid-cooled, DOHC, in-line 3-cylinder
Capacity675 cc (41.2 cu in)
Bore/Stroke74.0 × 52.3 mm (2.91 × 2.06 in)
Compression ratio12.65:1
Fuel systemMultipoint sequential electronic fuel injection with forced air induction
IgnitionDigital - inductive type - via electronic engine management system
Transmission
Primary driveGear
Final driveO ring chain
ClutchWet, multi-plate
Gearbox6-speed, close ratio
Cycle Parts
FrameAluminium beam twin spar
SwingarmBraced, twin-sided, aluminium alloy with adjustable pivot position
Front wheelCast aluminium alloy 5-spoke, 17-by-3.5-inch (430 × 89 mm)
Rear wheelCast aluminium alloy 5-spoke, 17-by-5.5-inch (430 × 140 mm)
Front tyre120/70 ZR 17
Rear tyre180/55 ZR 17
Front suspension41 mm (1.6 in) USD forks with adjustable pre-load, rebound and compression damping41 mm (1.6 in) USD forks with adjustable preload, rebound and high/low speed compression damping, 120 mm travelÖhlins 43mm upside down NIX30 forks with adjustable preload, rebound and compression damping, 110mm travel
Rear suspensionMonoshock with piggy back reservoir adjustable for pre-load, rebound and compression dampingMonoshock with piggy back reservoir adjustable for preload, rebound and high/low speed comporession damping, 130 mm rear wheel travelÖhlins TTX36 twin tube monoshock with piggy back reservoir, adjustable, rebound and compression damping, 130mm rear wheel travel
Front brakesTwin 308 mm (12.1 in) floating discs, 4 piston radial callipers with radial master cylinderTwin 308 mm (12.1 in) floating discs, Nissin 4 piston radial monobloc calipersTwin 308mm floating discs, Brembo 4-piston radial mono-block calipers
Rear brakesSingle 220 mm (8.7 in) disc, single piston calliperSingle 220 mm disc, Nissin single piston caliper
Dimensions
Length2,010 mm (79 in)2,020 mm (80 in)
Width710 mm (28 in)
Height1,109 mm (43.7 in)1,105 mm (43.5 in)
Seat height825 mm (32.5 in)830 mm (32.7 in)
Wheelbase1,392 mm (54.8 in)1,415 mm (55.7 in)1,395 mm (54.9 in)
Rake/Trail23.5°/86.8 mm (3.42 in)23.9º/89.1 mm (3.51 in)
Weight (dry)389 lb (176 kg)363.7 lb (165.0 kg)363.7 lb (165.0 kg)356 lb (161 kg)
Weight (wet)417 lb (189 kg)407 lb (185 kg)
Fuel tank capacity17.4 litres (3.8 imp gal; 4.6 US gal)
Performance
Maximum power123 hp (92 kW) @ 12,500 rpm123 hp (92 kW) @ 12,500 rpm123 hp (92 kW) @ 12,500 rpm124 hp (92 kW) @ 12,600 rpm
Maximum torque53.3 lbf·ft (72.3 N·m) @ 11,750 rpm53.3 lbf·ft (72.3 N·m) @ 11.750 rpm53 lbf·ft (72 N·m) @ 11,700